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Lesotho
Stories - 23.01.2025

Over 30,000 people tested for HIV – thanks to research

How can we ensure that the population in remote areas of Lesotho is tested for HIV as regularly as possible? This was the key question of the three studies conducted by SolidarMed together with the Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) and the Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine in Bern.

Since 2011, SolidarMed has been working in Lesotho with institutions such as the University of Basel, the Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH) and the Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine in Bern to promote research. It is crucial that the research projects directly benefit the local health system and research subjects and that they deal with issues that are relevant to the region. Another important element is that the studies open up career opportunities for employees on the ground. The research findings are not only shared within the country, but also internationally. The costs of the research are borne by research partners; SolidarMed doesn’t use any donation funds for this purpose. The years of research have given rise to over 60 publications. Around 20 students from Lesotho have earned a Master’s degree, and three are working on a doctoral thesis.

How research makes a difference to people in Lesotho 

Just under 20% of Lesotho’s adult population (aged 19-45) is living with HIV. For a long time, discussions were had about how regular HIV testing could be rolled out to as many people as possible. SolidarMed has conducted three major studies on the topic in collaboration with the University of Basel.

Over 700 new diagnoses

These studies not only influenced the way in which HIV testing campaigns are conducted in Lesotho, but also contributed to the development of testing strategies in other countries. In addition, through these studies alone, 30,000 people were tested for HIV, leading to over 700 new diagnoses and timely treatment for those affected. The studies show how SolidarMed combines direct project work (offering HIV tests in remote areas) with research.

It should be noted that household-based HIV testing campaigns are now no longer recommended as the majority of the population now knows their HIV status, in other words most people who are living with HIV are aware of it. However, the methods (self-testing, follow-up visit etc.) are still used, e.g. during campaigns in schools, in mines in Lesotho and South Africa, and in campaigns targeted at people with a high risk of contracting HIV.

Which HIV tests are best accepted?

2012: The first study looked at whether HIV testing is better accepted during home visits or when the tests are performed in a mobile clinic. This was the first randomised comparison of the two approaches and showed that HIV testing is better accepted during home visits. However, the study also showed that home visits during the day primarily encounter children and older adults and therefore miss a large portion of the sexually active population.

The study was published in 2014.
HIV testing of the sexually active population

2016/17: In a follow-up study, researchers therefore visited over 6,000 households during the week and recorded who was in, who underwent an HIV test, who refused a test, and who was out. They visited the same village at the weekend with the aim of offering an HIV test to those who were out during the first visit. Using the method of two successive visits, HIV testing coverage in the overall population was increased.

The study was published in 2019.
New approach: HIV self-testing

2019: The third study examined a new approach. In half of the communities, researchers revisited households, offered an HIV test to those who were home, and left an oral HIV self-test with instructions for those who were out. Using this approach, 81% of the total population was aware of their HIV status by the end of the campaign, versus 60% in the control communities, where only home visits were carried out, but no self-tests were left for those who were absent.

The study was published in 2020.
in den Bergen Lesothos ist das Leben beschwerlich

Mountain state in the centre of South Africa

SolidarMed fights against the high HIV rate and brings medical care to the most remote regions. Find out more about our commitment in Lesotho.

Learn more

image.field_media_image[0].alt
HIV-Tests daheim
HIV tests in their own homes, with treatment starting immediately on the same day. In over 70 villages in Lesotho, SolidarMed teams led by Niklaus Labhardt (Swiss TPH) tested over 16,000 residents for HIV in 2016.